This is the 2007 unofficial Norac rules study guide for engineer recertification. It is based on NJ Transit's Division Notice 2-S-106 dated January 6, 2007. Any errors are strictly those of the author. While the author tries to ensure that there is a correct (or most correct) answer to each question, final interpretation of the rules is the responsibility of the employee and the NJ Transit Rules Department. The author assumes no responsibility for incorrect answers on either annual or promotion tests given by NJ Transit. Rules which are included in both the annual rules test and the triennial engineer's recertification test are in blue. Recertification only rules will be in Red. Annual rules only questions are in Green. For this rules review, rule G is not in effect so curl up around a warm monitor, grab some chips and your NORAC rule book, sip a cup for your favorite brew and take a leisurely scroll through the 2007 NORAC study guide for recertification.

Rule C, Required Examinations:

Employees whose job requires them to be qualified on the Operating Rules and Timetable must:
1. Pass the required exams.
2. Memorize all the Operating Rules and Timetable Special Instructions.
3. Memorize only those Operating Rules and Timetable Instructions that are on the test. 
4. Memorize the "Rule of the Day".

Employees will be given a written exam and must obtain a score of at least:
1. 23%
2. 50%
3. 75%
4. 85%

When reporting for the examination employees must:
1. Wear steel toes work boots and safety glasses.
2. Bring their keys to the examination.
3. Bring a white envelope with the appropriate amount of cash for the examiner.
4. Present their Operating Rules book, Timetable and other instructions for inspection.
 
Employees who fail this examination:
1. Will be dismissed from service.
2. Will have to take a second examination within thirty (30) days.
3. Will be required to stay after class to take a reexamination.
4. Will lose their craft seniority.

Employees who fail the second examination:
1. Will be terminated.
2. Will be publicly ridiculed by the examiner.
3. Will not be qualified to perform service.
4. Will be promoted to management.

When an employee passes a physical characteristics examination:
1. The employee should go out an get drunk.
2. The employee should run home and tell mommy.
3. The territory on which the employee is qualified must be shown on the "Qualification for Service" page of the employee's Timetable, if provided.
4. None of the above.

Rule G, Drugs and Alcohol:

Reporting for duty or on duty in possession or under the influence of alcohol beverages, intoxicants, controlled substances, or prescribed medicines, which affect alertness, coordination, reaction, response or safety is a violation of:
1. Rule G
2. Rule F
3. Rule H
4. Rule L

Illegally possessing or selling a drug or narcotic while on duty :
1. Is encouraged
2. Is all right if you share the profits with your supervisor
3. Is discouraged in public places
4. Is prohibited

Employees having questions about possible adverse effects of prescribed medication must:
1. Consult their nearest drug connection.
2. Check to see if they're out of service insurance is paid up.
3. Must ask to have a random check for substance abuse.
4. Consult a Company medical officer before reporting to work.

Refusal to comply with a request to take a breath test or provide a urine sample:
1. Will result in a promotion to management.
2. Will be considered a violation of Rule "G" and the employee will be promptly removed from service.
3. Will be considered a good decision if the employee is on drugs.
4. Will result missing your next trip.

Rule L, Protecting Company Affairs and Property:

The divulging of the Company's business affairs to other than those authorized to receive such information:
1. Is encouraged.
2. Is guaranteed under the First Amendment.
3. Is prohibited.
4. Is protected under the state's Whistle Blower Law.

Company property must:
1. Be sold on ebay.
2. Be protected.
3. Be stolen then sold back to the Company.
4  Be stolen then sold at a Flea Market or Train Show..

The abuse, misuse, defacing, deliberately damaging or destroying of Company property, tools, or equipment is:
1. Encouraged.
2. Not a concern if done by management personell.
3. Prohibited.
4. Can be a lot of fun.

Employees must key switch keys:
1. In secure places and not allow unqualified or unauthorized persons to use or gain possession of these keys.
2. And steal all they can get and sell them at train shows.
3. And start a collection to display on their den wall.
4. And melt them down into ingots.

The unauthorized possession, removal,  or disposal of any material from railroad property or property served by the railroad:
1. Is okay if it is done by management.
2. Is prohibited.
3. Is okay if the profits from it's sale is shared with management.
4. Is frowned upon but generally ignored.

Unauthorized persons must not:
1. Be allowed on Company property or equipment at any time.
2. Run trains on Main Tracks.
3. Collect tickets unless they are in full uniform.
4. Take promotion to management.

Rule N, Complying with rules, Orders, and Instructions:

Employees on duty on any division or railroad must:
1. Comply with the rules of their home division or railroad.
2. Be very, very careful.
3. Be personally supervised by management of that division or railroad.
4. Comply with the orders and instructions of that division or railroad, unless otherwise directed.

Rule Q, Hours of Service:

Employees subject to the Hours of Service Act must:
1. Carry a copy of the Hours of Service Act with them at all times.
2. Familiarize themselves with the Act and comply with it's requirements.
3. Not exceed the maximum hours permitted by law unless authorized by the Dispatcher.
4. #2 and #3.

An employees who is called to report for duty before his legal rest has expired:
1. Can work the maximum hours permitted by law if he wants.
2. Can refuse to work.
3. Must report that fact to the person ordering him to report.
4. Can only work a maximum of two hours.

Train and engine crews must notify the appropriate Dispatcher or other designated supervisor:
1. When they are tired and want to go home.
2. When they want to go to lunch.
3. Three (3) hours before their legal rest expires unless they will be able to complete their assignment before their legal work period expires.
4. Before they expire.

Rule R, Injuries on Railroad Property:

Initial medical assistance:
1. Is inconvenient and will be delayed as necessary.
2. Is expensive for the Company so the injured person must take themselves to a free standing medical facility.
3. Will be covered by the injured person's private medical insurance.
4. Should be afforded to all persons injured on railroad property.

A report of such occurrences must be made:
1. Before the employ involved goes off duty.
2. Before the bill is received from the medical facility involved.
3. Promptly to the designated officer followed by a full written report on the prescribed form.
4. Need not be made if the injury is not life threatening.

When persons are injured by appliances on engines or cars, or by tools or machinery, such equipment:
1. Must be destroyed on location.
2. Must be placed back in service as soon as the blood and tissue are removed.
3. Must be immediately inspected and removed from service if defective.
4. Must be painted red to remind users to be careful around such equipment.

Rule 1 General Orders, Bulletin Orders, Division Notices:

When reporting for duty, employees whose duties are affected by General Orders, Bulletin Orders, and Division Notices must:
1. Familiarize themselves with the employee's parking facilities.
2. Familiarize themselves with the quickest way out of the parking lot.
3. Familiarize themselves with, and must comply with, those instructions pertaining to any portions of the territory on which they are qualified and ordered to operate.
4. Make sure they have enough money to buy lunch or bring their lunch with them when reporting for duty.

At locations specified in the Timetable employees reporting for duty must examine the Bulletin Board:
1. Then they can go back home.
2. Endorse their paychecks and go to the bank.
3. Leave for breakfast.
4. Sign the employee's register

An employee must contact the Dispatcher if:
1. He does not have a copy of the current information affecting the movement of his train or he reports for duty at a location where no employee's register is located.
2. He is confused about where he is.
3. He has less than twelve hour to work.
4. He forgot his lunch.

The Dispatcher must inform the employee:
1. Of the best places to get breakfast.
2. Which stations his train can pass without stopping.
3. Of all information affecting the movement of his train.
4. Of the hours the Dispatcher has left to work that shift. 

When a Bulletin Order or Division Notice is issued after the summary:
1. The engineer is not responsible for it's content.
2. A designated employee assigned to the Dispatcher's office must ensure that such information is properly posted at each Bulletin Board location.
3. The Conductor must contact the Dispatcher to learn it's affect on his train.
4. The engineer can blame the conductor for not informing the engineer of the contents of the Bulletin Order or Division Notice.

Rule 4, Job Briefings:

When reporting for duty, employees whose duties require coordination with other employees must:
1. Be minimally coordinated.
2. Must hold a job briefing.
3. Must hold a job briefing unless the crew arrives late, or the briefing will delay a train, or cost the company money, or is inconvenient, or the crew doesn't want to.
4. Contact the rules department to determine if their job requires a Job Briefing.

Job Briefings should be conducted:
1. By the conductor.
2. In your face.
3. About face
4. Face to face.

When not practical to have a job briefing face to face:
1. No Job Briefing will be required.
2. Telepathy or telekinesis will be adequate
3. Radio or telephone communication will be adequate.
4. The crew cannot perform service.

Rule 13, Hand Signals:

Hand signals must be given:
1. From a point somewhere on railroad property.
2. From a point where they may be plainly seen, in a manner that can be understood and in sufficiently ahead of time to permit the train to comply..
3. From the point of the move.
4. From a point where the crewmen can stay comfortable.

Movement must be stopped:
1. When it is time for lunch.
2. When the crewmen's arms get tired.
3. When there is doubt concerning the meaning of the signal or for whom the signal is intended.
4. The signal disappears from view. 
5. 3 and 4.

Any object waved violently by anyone on or near the track:
1. Means it is time to check you out-of-service insurance.
2. Means it is time to close the cab windows to avoid being struck by a thrown object.
3. Is a signal to stop.
4. All of the above.

If a train has one unit:
1. It is terribly under powered.
2. Signals to the engineer must be given according to the way the unit is headed.
3. Signals are given according to the way the crewman is facing.
4. Signals cannot be given except be radio.

If a train has more than one engine and they are faced in opposite directions:
1. No signals can be given by hand.
2. The crewman is certain to be confused.
3. No movement will be made until the Conductor has an understanding with his crew.
4. The train is terribly over powered and one engine must be removed from the consist.

Rule 16; Blue signal protection of workers:

Blue Signal rules provide for the protection of:
1. Railroad workmen who work on, under, or between equipment.
2. All railroad employees.
3. Only employees represented by a collective bargaining unit.
4. The railroad from frivolous lawsuits.

Train and engine service employees are excluded from Blue Signal protection:
1. Because nobody cares if they get hurt.
2. They never leave the safety and warmth of the train.
3. They do not need protection since they are always asleep.
4. Except when assigned to perform work on equipment that is not part of the movement that they have been called to operate.

Once a Blue Signal is displayed:
1. Equipment must not be coupled to or moved
2. Other equipment must not be placed on the same track so as to reduce or block the view of a Blue Signal.
3. Equipment must not pass a displayed Blue Signal.
4. All of the above

An employee, under the direction of the employee in charge of the workmen may reposition equipment in an engine servicing track area or car shop repair area when:
1. Employees have been informed of the move.
2. Blue Signal have been removed from the equipment to be repositioned or coupled.
3. Employee receives permission from the Yardmaster.
4. #1 and #2.

Blue Signals may only be removed by:
1. A person of the same group or craft that displayed them after all the workmen are clear.
2. The workmen moving the equipment.
3. The Yardmaster or his representative.
4. Anyone who wants the equipment moved.

When equipment to be worked on is on a track other than a main track or controlled siding workmen must:
1. Attach a Blue Signal to the controlling engine(s) at a location where it will be clearly visible to an employee at the controls of that engine.
2. Line each hand operated switch providing access to the track against movement to the track and lock each switch with an effective locking device.
3. Display a Blue Signal at each hand operated switch effected.
4. All of the above.
5. None of the above.

A derail locked in a derailing position with an effective locking device:
1. Is not a substitute for a switch with an effective locking device.
2. May substitute for the hand operated switch requirement.
3. Must be used in addition to the hand operated switch requirement.
4. Must be placed on both sides of the equipment to be protected.

If the equipment to be protected is on a main track or controlled siding:
1. Display a Blue Signal at each end of the equipment.
2. Hang a Blue Signal from the employee's belt so that they will be protected wherever they work.
3. Attach a Blue Signal to the controlling engine(s) at a location where it will be clearly visible to an employee at the controls of that engine.
4. 1 and 3.

When emergency work is to be done on rolling equipment and no Blue Signal is available:
1. The conductor must be notified.
2. The engineer must be given a Form D.
3. The engineer must be notified.
4. A blue flag must be used under all conditions.

When an engineer is notified of work being done on his train, he must:
1. Apply the brakes and stay in the locomotive until all work is completed..
2. Apply the brakes, put the reverser in neutral, and leave the field generator or control switch open.
3. Shut the engines down.
4. Observe the work being done.

The engineer must maintain this protection until:
1. He is relieved or has to relieve himself.
2. He gets tired and falls asleep.
3. The employee who requested the it that the protection is no longer needed notifies him.
4. None of the above.

Rule 19 Horn Failure:

If the engine whistles or horns fail enroute, the engineer must take the following actions:
1. Notify the Dispatcher as soon as practical and ring the bell continuously, if equipped.
2. Approach public crossings at grade prepared to stop.
3. Reduce speed to not exceeding 30 mph while approaching locations where employees are known to be working.
4. Reduce speed at other locations where warranted by the prevailing conditions.
5. All of the above.

Rule 21, Communicating Signal appliances:

"00"
1. When standing, back up.
2. When running, stop at the next station.
3. When standing, start.
4. When running, back up.

"000"
1. When running, back up.
2. When standing, start.
3. When running, stop at once.
4. When standing, back up. When running, stop at the next passenger station.

"0000"
1. When standing, brakes have applied and released on rear car, brake test complete.
2. When standing, brakes have applied on the head car; brakeman is too lazy to walk to the rear of the train.
3. When standing, brake test is complete even though no one has checked the operation of the brakes.
4. When standing, the brakes are working, "trust us".

"0"
1. Train crewman has hit the communicating buzzer instead of the door button.
2. Incomplete signal to proceed.
3. Incomplete signal to back up.
4. When spotting, switching, or making up trains, prepare to stop.

Rule 22, Engine Lights:

The headlight facing the direction of movement on every train and engine must:
1. Be dimmed when running though tunnels.
2. Be turn on only when another train is approaching in the opposite direction.
3. Be displayed brightly by day and night.
4. Be aimed upward above the trees.

The headlight must be dimmed:
1. When standing or passing through yards where other engines are working.
2. When approaching a station where a Form D is to be received.
3. When approaching Junctions or terminals.
4. When standing or moving on a main track at meeting points or when standing or approaching another train in multiple track territory.
5. All of the above.

When approaching or passing over a crossing:
1. The headlight must be dimmed.
2. The headlight must not be dimmed.
3. The headlight may be dimmed.
4. The headlight must be turned on and off  rapidly to warn motorists of the approaching train.

If all headlight bulbs fail enroute the engineer must:
1. Stop the train immediately and not move it until the headlights are fixed.
2. Illuminate all external lights and notify the Dispatcher.
3. Ring the bell continuously.
4. Sound the engine whistle or horn frequently.
5. Numbers 2, 3, and 4.

Rule 22, Engine Lights:

The headlight facing the direction of movement on every train and engine must:
1. Be dimmed when running though tunnels.
2. Be turn on only when another train is approaching in the opposite direction.
3. Be displayed brightly by day and night.
4. Be aimed upward above the trees.

The headlight must be dimmed:
1. When standing or passing through yards where other engines are working.
2. When approaching a station where a Form D is to be received.
3. When approaching Junctions or terminals.
4. When standing or moving on a main track at meeting points or when standing or approaching another train in multiple track territory.
5. All of the above.

When approaching or passing over a crossing:
1. The headlight must be dimmed.
2. The headlight must not be dimmed.
3. The headlight may be dimmed.
4. The headlight must be turned on and off  rapidly to warn motorists of the approaching train.

If all headlight bulbs fail enroute the engineer must:
1. Stop the train immediately and not move it until the headlights are fixed.
2. Illuminate all external lights and notify the Dispatcher.
3. Ring the bell continuously.
4. Sound the engine whistle or horn frequently.
5. Numbers 2, 3, and 4.

Auxiliary Lights:

Engines that operate over crossings at speeds greater than 20 MPH:
1. Must be equipped with speed control.
2. Must be equipped with Epic Brakes.
3. Must be coupled to a train.
4. Must be equipped with auxiliary lights.

Auxiliary lights consist of:
1. Flashing strobe likes mounted on the cab roof.
2. A high intensity flashlight carried by the engineer.
3. Two ditch lights, two crossing lights, or one oscillating light.
4. Two lights which move in such a way as to blind motorist on both sides of the crossing.

Auxiliary lights are considered operative when:
1. They illuminate after the engine horn and/or bell is sounded or the auxiliary light switch is activated.
2. They illuminate after the engine has passed the crossing.
3. They are aimed so as to blind oncoming engineers.
4. All of the above.

Auxiliary lights must be operational:
1. Before the engine arrives at the first grade crossing.
2. When the engine goes in for it's 92 day inspection.
3. Whenever the mechanical department gets around to it.
4. Before the engine leaves it's initial terminal.

Auxiliary Lights:

Engines that operate over crossings at speeds greater than 20 MPH:
1. Must be equipped with speed control.
2. Must be equipped with Epic Brakes.
3. Must be coupled to a train.
4. Must be equipped with auxiliary lights.

Auxiliary lights consist of:
1. Flashing strobe likes mounted on the cab roof.
2. A high intensity flashlight carried by the engineer.
3. Two ditch lights, two crossing lights, or one oscillating light.
4. Two lights which move in such a way as to blind motorist on both sides of the crossing.

Auxiliary lights are considered operative when:
1. They illuminate after the engine horn and/or bell is sounded or the auxiliary light switch is activated.
2. They illuminate after the engine has passed the crossing.
3. They are aimed so as to blind oncoming engineers.
4. All of the above.

Auxiliary lights must be operational:
1. Before the engine arrives at the first grade crossing.
2. When the engine goes in for it's 92 day inspection.
3. Whenever the mechanical department gets around to it.
4. Before the engine leaves it's initial terminal.

Rule 30 Tampering with Appliances and other equipment

Employees are prohibited from:
1. Taking the day off when the weather is good.
2. Taking the day off when the weather is bad.
3. Breaking seals on interlocking appliances and other equipment or altering, nullifying or in any manner restricting or interfering with the normal function of any device or equipment on engines, cars, or other railroad property, except when specifically authorized to do so.
4. Picking up girls on the concourse.

In the case of failure or where seals are found to be tampered with, broken, missing, or authorized to be removed:
1. A report must be made to the Dispatcher, Yardmaster, or enginehouse Foreman in charge of the territory where the defect is discovered.
2. The engine cannot be moved until the defect is corrected.
3. The engineer will be blamed.
4. The engineer will blame the mechanical person who signed the daily inspection report.

Rule 70 Inspection before departure:

Conductors and engineers must know that the cars and engines in the train:
1. Have the proper number of wheels.
2. Have the proper reporting marks.
3. Have been inspected.
4. Have flanged wheels.

At points where  cars that are to be picked up have not been inspected by a car inspector:
1. Train crews cannot pick up the cars until inspected by a car inspector.
2. Trains crews cannot couple the cars onto the hind end of the train.
3. Train crews must determine that they are safe for movement.
4. Trains crews must call the Dispatcher for instructions.

Crew members must insure that:
1. They have had lunch before inspecting the cars.
2. They have adequate waste and car oil prior to inspecting cars.
3. They are well rested before inspecting the cars.
4. Required brake tests are performed on all cars and engines.

Freight cars that are picked up en route that are safe for movement and placarded with bad order cards:
1. May not be moved without permission of the Yardmaster.
2. May not be moved until repaired.
3. May be forwarded to the point where repairs will be made.
4. May be forwarded to the customer before repairs are made.

All crew members must be:
1. Informed of the presence of a defective car in the train and any movement restrictions shown on the bad order card.
2. Kept as far away from a bad order car as possible.
3. Qualified to repair a bad order car before movement.
4.  Well fed before moving a bad order car because it can take a long time to get to a point where repairs can be made. 

Rule 72 Inspection of moving trains:

Employees must observe passing trains for:
1. Sleeping engineers.
2. Defects and display of headlights, markers, and auxiliary lights.
3. The first three cars then they don't have to observe the train any more.
4. As long as they want.

The improper display of headlights, markers, and auxiliary lights must:
1. Be reported to the train and the Dispatcher.
2. Be reported to the newspapers.
3. Be reported at the final terminal.
4. Be reported when signing up for the next work day.

If attention is called to a dangerous condition, the train: 
1. Can continue to the next point where repairs can be made.
2. Can continue if the Conductor feels the defects are not life threatening.
3. Can continue if the speed of the train is reduced to 30 mph.
4. Must be promptly stopped consistent with good train handling techniques, and inspection made and the Dispatcher notified.

Crew members must:
1. Frequently observe both sides of their train while moving looking for hand signals and other indications of defects in their train and track.
2. Get a good night's sleep before reporting for duty.
3. Observe all major holidays.
4. Bring enough cold beverages to last the entire trip.

When practical crew members on moving trains:
1. Must stop for lunch.
2. Must Be well rested.
3. Must have a comfortable seat.
4. Must be in a position to inspect passing trains.

Rule 80, Restricted Speed:

Controlling the movement to permit stopping within half the range of vision short of: other trains or railroad equipment occupying of fouling the track, obstructions, switches not properly lined for movement, derails set in the derailing position, any signal requiring a stop, looking out for broken rail and misaligned track, and not exceeding 20 mph outside interlocking limits and 15 mph within interlocking limits:
1. Are ways to stay in service.
2. Are not important if you are not the engineer.
3. Are not important if you are not on the leading end of the movement.
4. Are requirements for movements made at restricted speed.
5. Numbers 1 and 4.

Things to look out for when moving at Restricted Speed are:
1. Taverns near the tracks.
2. Other trains or equipment occupying or fouling the track and obstructions.
3. Switches not properly lined for movement.
4. 2 and 3.

As if the above wasn't enough, when moving at Restricted Speed, the crew also has to watch for:
1. Derails set in the derailing position.
2. Any signal requiring a stop.
3. Any opportunity to "moon" a crew of an opposing train.
4. 1 and 2.

When moving at Restricted Speed, the speed of the move applies:
1. Until the engineer thinks its okay to go faster.
2. Until the conductor wakes up.
3. Restricted Speed does not apply if no one is watching.
4. To the entire movement.

Rule 91, Starting a Train:

A train must not start until:
1. The engineer has finished his lunch.
2. The engineer receives verbal authority from the Dispatcher.
3. The Conductor has given or authorized the proper hand signal, communicating signal, or permission by voice authority.
4. All of the above.

Rule 94, Responsibilities of Employees: Signals and Restrictions:

Employees qualified on the operating rules and located on the leading engine or car must:
1. Be on the lookout for bars and restaurants along side the track.
2. May sleep as long as the engineer promises to stay awake.
3. Be on the lookout for signals affecting the movement of their train.
4. Not do the daily crossword puzzle if the train is moving.

Employees qualified on the operating rules and located on the leading engine or car must:
1. Communicate to each other in a clear manner their lunch order.
2. Must communicate to each other in a clear manner their plans for the weekend.
3. Must communicate to each other in a clear manner the latest sports scores.
4. Must communicate to each other in a clear manner the name of each signal as soon as it becomes clearly visible.

Any change in the signal:
1. Can be ignored if the signal's original aspect was clearly seen and communicated to others in the cab or leading car.
2. Can be ignored if the preceding signal was a signal to proceed.
3. Must be communicated in the required manner.
4. Must be communicated in the required manner only if it is a Stop signal.

When a train reaches a point 2 miles from a temporary speed restriction:
1. Employees qualified on physical characteristics and located on the leading engine or car must immediately communicate with the engineer and confirm the requirements of the restriction.
2. Employees qualified on physical characteristics and located on the leading engine or car must immediately communicate with the engineer and then jump off the leading engine or cars.
3. Employees qualified on physical characteristics and located on the leading engine or car must immediately communicate with the engineer screaming. "Danger, Danger, Danger".
4. Employees qualified on physical characteristics and located on the leading engine or car must immediately communicate with the engineer then fall back to sleep.

Calling Signals on Push Pull Trains without cab signals for the direction of movement in territory where the speed limits exceeds 30 MPH:

When a wayside signal affecting the movement of the train displays an Approach, Medium Approach, Slow Approach, Restricting, or Stop and Proceed aspect:
1. The engineer can ignore the signal if he passed the NORAC rules test within the previous nine months.
2. The engineer must communicate the signal to the Dispatcher so he can display a more favorable aspect.
3. The engineer must communicate to a road Foreman the name and location of each signal.
4. The engineer must communicate to a qualified employee on the engine or train the name and location of each signal as soon as the signal becomes clearly visible.

When in multiple track territory:
1. The trainmen can become confused.
2. The engineer can become confused.
3. Everyone can become confused.
4. The engineer must include the track number.

If the engineer fails to properly control the speed of the train:
1. The qualified employee must save himself by jumping off the train.
2. The railroad must initiate termination proceedings against the engineer.
3. The qualified employee must notify the Dispatcher immediately and complain about the engineer.
4. The qualified employee must immediately communicate with the engineer and, if necessary, stop the train.

The next signal, when more favorable:
1. Can be ignored.
2. Must also be communicated by the engineer.
3. Can be ignored if the last signal was a signal to proceed.
4. All of the above.

Rule 104, Hand operated Switches and Derails:

When clearing a main track or controlled siding at a hand operated switch, the switch must not be restored to normal until:
1. The Conductor gives the signal.
2. The equipment has stopped moving.
3. The brakeman has a car count.
4. The equipment is clear of the fouling point.

Crew members who find switches or derails unlocked or not properly aligned:
1. Must not tell anyone so that no one gets in trouble.
2. Must pretend they never saw them.
3. Must secure them and continue with the move.
4. Must secure them and report this fact to the Dispatcher.

Where switch targets are used
1. Green and white indicate normal and red and yellow indicate reversed.
2. Green and yellow indicate normal and red and white indicate reversed.
3. Yellow and white indicate normal and green and red indicates reversed.
4. Blue and gray indicate normal and black and green indicate reversed.

Employees must be familiar with:
1. The multiplication tables.
2. The home addresses of his supervisors
3. The location of bars and restaurants along the railroad.
4. The location of derails.

Derails that protect the fouling point of a main track, controlled siding, or running track must be kept in the derailing position:
1. To derail the train.
2. So the employee won't trip over it.
3. Except when removed to permit movement.
4. None of the above.

Derails that are used for other purposes (blue flag protection, etc.):
1. Must be applied at all times.
2. Must be applied only if the crew wants to.
3. Must be applied only when their use is required.
4. Must be applied only if they are available at the site.

A yellow stripe painted on inside and outside of head, web, and base of both rails, yellow joint bars, or a sign with the letters FP indicate:
1. The fouling point of a main track.
2. The point where crossing gates are activated.
3. The point where signals are activated.
4. All the above.

Crew members are required to report clear of a track:
1. When the train no longer fouls the track.
2. When the train is nearly finished with the move.
3. When the switches are lined normal.
4. Until switches and derails have been secured in the normal position..

Crew members operating hand-operated switches must:
1. Make sure the switch is operated by the crew member with the lowest seniority.
2. Must examine the points and know they are sharp.
3. Must examine the points and make sure they fit the rail properly.
4. Must make sure the crew is properly fed before fouling a main track.

Crew members operating hand-operated switches must not foul a track until:
1. At least one switch is lined.
2. Two switches are lined.
3. Three switches are lined and the crew has checked to see that the points fit properly and the derail, if any, is in the proper position.
4. All switches and derails connected with the move are properly lined.

Switches connected with a main track or controlled siding:
1. Must not be left open for another train.
2. May be left open for another train if that train is in sight.
3. May not be left open for another train unless authorized by the conductor.
4. May be left open for another train if left in charge of a crew member of that train.

While trains are approaching and passing, employees:
1. Can run back and forth across the tracks to attract the engineer's attention.
2. Should throw rocks at the engine if the engineer is senior their engineer.
3. Should throw the switch points so as to save time after the train passes.
4. Must keep away from main track switches.

Where a designated employee is in charge of a hand operated switch, a train may not foul:
1. Unless the engineer sees that the track is clear.
2. Unless the Conductor calls the Dispatcher for permission after operating the switch.
3. Until receiving verbal permission or a hand signal to proceed.
4. All the above.

Unless otherwise specified in the Timetable, trains must not exceed:
1. Twenty (20) mph through hand operated switches.
2. Twenty-five (25) mph through hand operated switches.
3. Fifteen (15) mph through hand operated switches.
4. Fifteen (15) mph through interlockings.

Dual control Switches must not be hand operated without:
1. Permission from the Trainmaster.
2. Permission from the Chief Dispatcher.
3. Permission from the Conductor.
4. Permission from the Dispatcher or operator.

Rule 109, Hand brakes:

On cars or drafts of cars left standing:
1. A sufficient number of hand brakes must be applied on cars to make them secure when left standing on any track.
2. If necessary, car wheels must be blocked.
3. All hand brakes must be applied.
4. Numbers 1 and 2.

When hand brakes are used to control movement:
1. It must be determined that these brakes are working properly.
2. The hand brake must be on the leading end of the movement.
3. A minimum of two hand brakes must be used to control the movement of more than one car.
4. Hand brakes cannot be used to control the movement of cars without an engine coupled to them.

Rule 116, Operating train from other than leading end:

When an engineer operates the train from other than the leading end of the movement:
1. He must be sure he has out of service insurance.
2. He must go very, very slowly.
3. A crew member must be stationed on the leading end of the movement.
4. An engineer cannot operate a train from other than the leading end.

The crew member on the leading end of the movement:
1. Must be qualified on the physical characteristics of the territory involved.
2. Does not have to be qualified on the physical characteristics of the territory involved if the engineer is so qualified.
3. Must be sure he has out of service insurance.
4. Must be sure he has had sufficient rest.

During the movement:
1. The crewman must stay inside the equipment to take advantage of the air conditioning/heat whenever possible.
2. Hand signals, communicating signal, or radio communications must be maintained with the engineer.
3. The engineer is allowed to take short naps as long as the crewman on the leading end stays awake.
4. A crewman has to walk ahead of the train to protect against opposing moves.

If signals from the crew member cannot be received by the engineer:
1. The engineer should speed up so as to get closer to the crewman on the leading end of the movement.
2. The engineer may continue as long as the conductor says, "trust me".
3. The engineer must stop the movement when he gets nervous.
4. The movement must be stopped immediately.

Should conditions require, the employee on the leading end must:
1. Be prepared to jump from the train.
2. Be prepared to call for help.
3. Be prepared to have lunch if the movement takes too long.
4. Operate the engine whistle or horn, if available, as well as the emergency brake valve.

The speed of the train should not exceed:
1. Restricted Speed.
2. 20 mph.
3. 30 mph.
4. Track speed.

This rule (116) does not apply:
1. If the crew doesn't want it to.
2. If the Dispatcher says so.
3. If the crew is in a hurry to complete the move.
4. When switching, making up trains in the yard, or when the movement is proceeded by a crew member.

Rule 121, Intervening tracks at a station platform:

The Dispatcher must not give assurance of protection until:
1. It has been determined that no train is approaching the station on the track to be protected.
2. All trains involved have been advised as to how to proceed to insure passenger safety.
3. Signals governing entrance to that track are placed at stop and blocking devices applied.
4. All the above.

Protection against other trains is not required when discharging across a main track or controlled siding when:
1. The crew sees that no opposing trains are in sight.
2. The stop is made during daylight hours.
3. A delay would be incurred by such protection.
4. The specific station is designated in the Timetable as one where scheduled trains normally receive and discharge passengers across a track between the train and the station platform.

Trains operating on tracks across which passengers are normally received and discharged must approach such stations:
1. At restricted speed until they occupy the station.
2. Prepared to stop until the engineer has determined that no passenger train is occupying the station.
3. At track speed,
4. At a speed not to exceed 30 mph until the engineer determines that no train is occupying the station.

The engineer can determine that no passenger train is occupying the station by:
1. Telepathy.
2. Visual observation or verbal confirmation from the Dispatcher.
3. Hand signal from the Trainmaster.
4. Observing the signal at the end of the station platform.

If a passenger train is occupying the station the approaching train:
1. Can proceed into the station at Restricted Speed.
2. Must not occupy the station unless permission is received from the crew of the train occupying the station.
3. The engineer must dump the air.
4. 2 and 3.

When a train is approaching, the station platform must not:
1. Be occupied by passengers preparing to board the approaching train.
2. Be occupied by trains operating on an out-of-service track adjacent to the platform.
3. Be occupied by track cars operating on an in-service or out-of-service track adjacent to the platform.
4. 2 and 3.

At stations where tracks intervene between a station platform and a track where passenger trains normally receive and discharge passengers:
1. Trains, other than passenger trains, must not block access to the station platform.
2. Trains, other than passenger trains, can block access to the platform if the track they are on is out-of-service.
3. Can block access to the platform during daylight hours only.
4. 2 and 3.

Rule 123, Failure of the Deadman or Alerter feature en route:

If the Deadman or Alerter feature fails en route:
1. The engineer will be promptly taken out of service. .
2. An employee instructed on how to stop the train will take position in the operating control compartment with the engineer.
3. The train must be stopped until the Deadman or Alerter feature is fixed.
4. The Deadman/Alerter feature must be fixed during the engine's 92 day inspection.

When the engine reaches it's next turnaround point, undergoes it's next calendar day inspection:
1. The Deadman/Alerter shall be repaired.
2. The failed Deadman/ Alerter shall be covered with Duck Tape.
3. The engineer will be promptly taken out of service.
4. Someone will have to wake up the Machinist.

This rule does not apply:
1. If there are no mechanical forces on duty.
2. If the mechanical forces are at a safety meeting.
3. If the mechanical forces are out of Duck Tape.
4. On tracks other than main tracks or controlled sidings.

Rule 124, Maximum Authorized Speed:

Trains must not be operated:
1. In excess of the speed of sound.
2. Before the engineer has had his nap..
3. Before lunch.
4. In excess of the maximum authorized speed.

Rule 131 protecting work locations, Qualified Employee's Duties:

Qualified employees assigned to protect work locations of railroad construction or private contractors whose operations affect the safe movement of trains must:
1. Secure flagging equipment and ensure that tracks are not fouled without permission.
2. Get permission to foul tracks.
3. Report workers who fail to comply with instructions of the employee.
4. Take action if safe passage of trains is endangered.
5. All of the above.

Rule 132, Protection When Fouling or Working on a Track:

Trains must be protected against:
1. Falling space debris.
2. Sexually transmitted diseases.
3. Invasion by evil spirits.
4. Any known condition that may interfere with their safe passage.

If work on an adjacent track will create a condition interfering with the safe passage of trains:
1. That work must continue at a very quick pace until completed.
2. That work must continue through lunch.
3. That work must not be attempted without permission of the employee in charge of the track.
4. That work must not be attempted without permission of the Train Conductor.

On track where ABS, DCS, or Interlocking rules are in effect the Dispatcher (or Operator) must:
1. Update his/her out-of-service insurance.
2. Let the relieving Dispatcher provide protection.
3. Assure that protection against trains in both directions has been provided.
4. None of the above.

If the work involves on-track equipment or will disturb the track or catenary structure so that it would be unsafe for Normal Speed:
1. The work cannot be started.
2. The Dispatcher must relieve himself from duty.
3. The Dispatcher must call his/her mom for advice.
4. The Dispatcher must issue a Form D, line 4 or 5.

If the work will not disturb the track or catenary structure:
1. The Dispatcher needs to do nothing.
2. The work can proceed without protection.
3. The work must not begin until it disturbs the track or catenary structure.
4. The Dispatcher can verbally authorize Foul Time in accordance with Rule 140.

Foul Time or Form D, line 4 or 5 can:
1. Only be issued to employees who are well fed.
2. Only be issued to employees qualified to fly airplanes.
3. Only be issued to employees who are qualified on the operating rules and physical characteristics of the territory involved.
4. None of the above.

If an event occurs or conditions are found that may interfere with the safe passage of trains or no protection has been provided:
1. All employee involved will be fired.
2. All roadway workers will be arrested.
3. Employees must immediately attempt to stop trains by radio communications to trains or Dispatcher and provide flag protection until the unsafe condition has been corrected.
4. All of the above.

Rule 133, removing a track from service:

The Dispatcher must not issue a Form D, line 4 authority until:
1. Determine that the affected track is clear of movements that are not part of the work group.
2. Controlled signals leading to the track are in Stop position.
3. Blocking devices are applied to the controls of switches and signals leading to the affected track.
4. All of the above.

The Form D, line 4 must be addressed to:
1. The employee requesting the use of the track and the operators controlling entrance to the track.
2. The employee requesting use of the track and the Chief Dispatcher.
3. The employee requesting use of the track and all trains operating over the Division.
4. The employee requesting the track only.

A whole mile post, a station or other physical characteristic, and a track barricade or flagman at a designated location:
1. Are used to define each end of the out-of-service limits.
2. Are put across the track to stop a train.
3. Are things you see along the tracks.
4. Are clues that you work for a railroad.

ABS, CSS, DCS, and interlocking rules:
1. Apply within the out-of-service track.
2. Do not apply within the out-of-service limits.
3. Must be taken out of service by Form D, line 13.
4. Apply depending on the reason for the track being out of service.

All movements within the out-of-service track:
1. Must proceed at restricted speed.
2. Must proceed at slow speed, prepared to stop short of obstructions.
3. Must proceed not exceeding 30 mph.
4. Must proceed at yard speed not exceeding 15 mph, prepared to stop short of obstructions.

The employee in charge of the out-of-service limits:
1. Is very important.
2. Should have out-of-service insurance.
3. Can leave the area once the work has started.
4. Is the employee named in Form D, line 4

In territory where non-signaled DCS rules apply in both directions, the employee in charge of the out-of-service limits:
1. May authorize trains to operate within the out-of-service limits at Normal Speed not exceeding 30 mph.
2. May authorize trains to operate within the out-of-service limits at Restricted Speed.
3. May authorize trains to operate within the out-of-service limits at Medium Speed.
4. May authorize trains to operate within the out-of-service limits at Parade Speed not exceeding 45 mph.

Before the in charge of the out-of-service limits may authorize trains to operate at Normal Speed not exceeding 30 mph:
1. The track must be clear and safe to operate at the authorized speed'
2. All affected switches must be secured in the normal position.
3. All Roadway Workers must be notified
4. All of the above.

Trains given authorization to operate within the out-of-service limits at Normal Speed not exceeding 30 mph must:
1. Not stop anywhere in the out-of-service limits.
2. Not exceed Restricted Speed.
3. Not reverse direction without permission of the employee in charge.
4. Must not stop for lunch before leaving the out-of-service limits.

After obtaining permission of the employee named in Form D, line 4 and the employee in charge of the out-of-service limits has shown or read him the Form D, Line 4:
1. The Chief Dispatcher can allow additional equipment into the out-of-service limits.
2. The Trainmaster can allow additional equipment into the out-of-service limits.
3. The employee in charge of the additional equipment can move additional equipment into the out-of-service limits.
4. The Dispatcher can allow additional equipment into the out-of-service limits.

When the out-of-service limits are published by Bulletin Order:
1. The Form D must also have a line 13 indicating the Bulletin Order number and line.
2. A new Form D has to be issued for each piece of equipment allowed into the out-of-service limits.
3. Additional equipment can travel freely into and out of the out-of-service limits.
4. The delivery or reading of the Form D, Line 4 is not required.

When a track is returned to service, the employee in charge of the out-of-service limits must:
1. Notify the Dispatcher of any restrictions necessary for the safe passage of trains.
2. Ascertain that all track cars and trains are clear of the track and notify the Dispatcher or Operator that they are clear unless the equipment is authorized by the Dispatcher to occupy the track after it is returned to service.
3. Pick up all his tools.
4. Promptly leave the area.
5. 1 and 2.

If the movement to the out-of-service limits will involve passing a stop signal:
1. The person in charge of the additional equipment can pass the stop signal at his discretion.
2. The person in charge of the out-of-service track can give permission for the additional equipment o pass the stop signal.
3. The Dispatcher or Operator may authorize movement in accordance with Rule 241.
4. The additional equipment must not enter the out-of-service limits.

When a train is authorized by the Dispatcher to occupy a track after it has been returned to service:
1. The permission must include direction if governed by rule 251.
2. The permission must include direction if governed by DCS rules.
3. The permission must include direction if governed by rule 261.
4. Does not have to include direction unless the crew requests it.

Rule 135, Protection by stop signs when in service track is obstructed for maintenance:

Working Limits:
1. The area between the start of the Approach sign and the Stop Sign.
2. The area designated by Form D, Line 5 or Bulletin Order, which must be identified by a whole mile post, station, or other physical characteristic location.
3. The area within the limits of a block.
4. The area where employees are working.

When a Form D, line 5 is issued to obstruct a track, it must be addressed to:
1. The employee requesting to obstruct the track except when the Working Limits is published by Bulletin Order.
2. Trains approaching their final terminal.
3. Form Ds do not have to be issued if the Working Limits is published in the Bulletin Order.
4. The employee requesting to obstruct the track and trains approaching the obstructed track.

When the Restricted Area is published by Bulletin Order:
1. The employee wishing to obstruct the track does not need a Form D, line 5.
2. The Form D, Line 5 issued to approaching trains is not required.
3. The Form D, line five must include the times noted in the Bulletin Order.
4. 1 and 2.

The approach to the Working Limits must be indicated by:
1. An Approach Working Limits Sign.
2. An Approach Sign.
3. A Stop Sign.
4. A Distant Signal Marker.

The Working Limits must be indicated by:
1. A Stop Sign.
2. An Approach Sign.
3. A Stop Sign and a Working Limits Resume Speed Sign.
4. A flagman with the proper flagging equipment.

If the Working Limits are not obstructed:
1. No signs need be placed.
2. A Form D, line 5 need not be issued.
3. A Working Limits Speed Limit Sign may be substituted for the Stop Sign.
4. A Form D, line 13 must be issued indicated that fact.

The Dispatcher cannot issue a Form D, line 5 to obstruct the track until:
1. He has had coffee.
2. He has been notified by the Chief Dispatcher that the work has begun.
3. Until he been notified by the employee in charge that the track is obstructed.
4. Until the affected track is clear of movements that are not part of the work group and the employee in charge has notified him that the signs have been properly placed

The employee in charge must not authorize a train to enter the Working Limits until:
1. The "Roadway Workers" have had lunch.
2. The track through the Working Limits is not obstructed and the "Roadway Workers" have been notified.
3. The track through the Working Limits is not obstructed by anything bigger than the train.
4. The track through the Working Limits is back in service.

Trains operating through the Working Limits must:
1. Not exceed 45 mph unless authorized by the employee in charge to proceed at a higher or lower speed.
2. Not exceed Restricted Speed unless authorized to operate at a higher speed.
3. Not exceed 30 mph unless authorized by the employee in charge to operate at a higher or lower speed.
4. Not proceed without a hand signal from the employee in charge.

Work trains and track cars may enter and leave the Working Limits:
1. While the Working Limits are obstructed and must travel at Restricted Speed. Permission of the employee in charge is required.
2. Only when the Working Limits are not obstructed and must travel at Restricted Speed. Permission of the employee in charge is not required.
3. Only before the Stop Sign and Working Limits Resume Speed signs are properly placed.
4. Trains and track cars cannot enter the Working Limits once the Stop Sign and Working Limits Resume Speed Signs are placed.

Trains in the Working Limits when the Bulletin Order Item becomes effective:
1. Must leave the Working Limits immediately.
2. May continue at Normal Speed throughout the Working Limits.
3. Must immediately reduce speed to Restricted Speed until the entire train has left the Working Limits.
4. Must immediately stop and contact the Dispatcher for further instructions.

Rule 137, assisting an attended Disabled Train:

Opposing movements in Rule 261 Territory:

For an opposing movement to assist a train:
1. ABS rules are in effect.
2. ABS rules are not in effect.
3. ABS anti-lock systems are in effect.
4. ABS anti-lock systems are cut out.

Rule 138, Highway crossing warning:

Activating/reactivating Crossing Warning

Which of the following indicate the start of a crossing gate circuit:
1. A yellow sign or post with the letters "CC".
2. Yellow joint bars.
3. Yellow strip painted on the inside and outside of the head, web, and base both rails.
4. All the above.

On tracks other than main tracks or controlled sidings, movement over this point will:
1. Cause the train to derail.
2. Cause an accident at the crossing.
3. Activate an alarm, which will automatically summon police and fire units.
4. Activate the automatic crossing warning.

On a main track or controlled siding, movement over this point will:
1. Cause death and destruction.
2. Cause termination of the engineer and crew.
3. Activate a water cannon to stop the pedestrian traffic.
4. Reactivate the operation of automatic crossing warning that has been interrupted because of a train's delay or stop.

Two steps, which will avoid unnecessary operation of automatic crossing warning, are:
1. The Lindy and the Foxtrot.
2. Sending a flagman to protect the crossing and being very, very careful.
3. Engine and cars must not be allowed to stand longer than necessary and switches must not be left open or unlocked within the operating limits of such protection.
4. Deactivating the crossing protection and refusing to pass over the crossing with the train.

If automatic crossing protection is not operating properly:
1. The engineer must refuse to pass over the crossing until the protection is fixed.
2. Employees must immediately notify the Dispatcher who will notify all affected trains.
3. Employees must immediately notify the Dispatcher who will call police to provide protection.
4. All of the above.

The Dispatcher's notification to trains must include:
1. The location of the crossing malfunction according to the GPS locator beacon located at the crossing.
2. The type of malfunction and the details of any on-ground personnel that are know to be at the crossing.
3. The number of trains the delay is expected to affect.
4. The names of the crew members expected to be punished for delays to their trains.

If Automatic crossing warning devices are not working properly and there are no flaggers or police providing crossing protection, trains must:
1. Never occupy the crossing.
2. Stop at the crossing, do not occupy the crossing until protection is provided by a crew member, and proceed not exceeding 15 mph until the leading end operate through the crossing.
3. Approach the crossing prepared to stop then accelerates rapidly if no cross traffic is seen.
4. Approach the crossing prepared to stop, have a qualified employee lay across the road to stop traffic, then proceed not exceeding 15 mph avoiding the prone employee.

If Automatic crossing warning devices have a false activation or partial activation and there are no flaggers or police providing crossing protection, trains must:
1. Proceed at Restricted Speed when the crew sees that no cross traffic is in sight.
2. Proceed at Normal Speed when crew sees that cross traffic has stopped to allow the train to proceed.
3. Proceed at Normal Speed when the crossing is equipped with gates and the crew sees that they are in the horizontal position and the crossing lights are flashing.
4. Proceed, not exceeding 15 mph.

If there is any type of crossing failure and a flagger is present but not for each direction of traffic the train must:
1. Proceed at Restricted Speed when the crew sees that no cross traffic is in sight.
2. Proceed at Normal Speed when crew sees that cross traffic has stopped to allow the train to proceed.
3. Proceed at Normal Speed when the crossing is equipped with gates and the crew sees that they are in the horizontal position and the crossing lights are flashing.
4. Proceed, not exceeding 15 mph.

If there is any type of crossing failure and a flagger is present for each direction of traffic the train must:
1. Proceed at Restricted Speed when the crew sees that no cross traffic is in sight.
2. Proceed at Normal Speed when crew sees that cross traffic has stopped to allow the train to proceed.
3. Proceed at Normal Speed when the crossing is equipped with gates and the crew sees that they are in the horizontal position and the crossing lights are flashing.
4. Proceed at Normal Speed.

A Flagger is::
1. A member of the crew, a policeman, or an employee with a reflective vest and proper flagging equipment.
2. An employee of the company, policeman, or the local rail nut who came to help.
3. An officer of the company, policeman, or a helpful pedestrian.
4. Any one willing to stand in front of enraged motorists.
5. An employee equipped by day with a red flag and a highly visible garment and at night with a white light or fusee and a highly visible retro-reflective garment.

When equipment is standing and obscures highway traffic's view:
1. It is a good thing.
2. An employee must be ready to call an ambulance.
3. An employee must warn the highway traffic against movement on adjacent tracks.
4. An employee must carry a camera to record the accident.

Equipment stored on tracks close to a public crossing must:
1. Be low to the ground so that drivers can see over it.
2. Be stored at least 1/4; mile from the crossing.
3. If space permits, must not stick out onto the crossing in a way that would obstruct traffic.
4. Be placed so as to permit a clear view for highway traffic using the crossing, at least 300 feet if space permits.

When cars not headed by an engine are to be moved over a highway crossing not protected by automatic crossing warning devices, or a designated employee:
1. A Company of National Guard soldiers must be called.
2. Barriers must be placed on the crossing to stop vehicular traffic.
3. A caboose or other suitable platform must be provided for the crew.
4. A member of the crew must provide warning for highway traffic.

When an employee is required to provide on-ground warning at a high way crossing, he must:
1. Be sure his medical is paid up.
2. Notify his future widow to call a lawyer.
3. Give Stop Signals to Pedestrian and Highway Traffic until the leading end of the trains is through the crossing.
4. Throw a fusee out into the crossing before he flags traffic.

Conditions that require special procedures when fouling a public crossing are:
1. When a train passes entirely over a crossing and then makes a reverse move.
2. When a train approaches a crossing at Restricted Speed.
3. When a train stops or increase speed by more than 5 mph within 0.6 miles from a crossing with an interrupt system..
4. All of the above.

More conditions, which require special procedures when fouling a public crossing, are:
1. When a train passes a warning device activation or reactivation point on a main track or controlled siding after having been stopped or delayed or performs switching within 1.2 miles of the crossing.
2. When a train proceeds past a warning device activation point on other than a main track or controlled siding.
3. When the crew stops short of the crossing to buy a few beers.
4. 1 and 2.

If automatic crossing warning is not operating:
1. The train is not allowed to occupy the crossing and the Dispatcher must be notified.
2. The train is not allowed to occupy the crossing until the crew is on overtime.
3. The crew must stop for a couple of beers to build up their courage for the dash across the highway.
4. The movement must not be made until protection is provided by on-ground personnel.

When crossing warning devices are operated manually no movement may be made until:
1. Warning is provided by on-ground personnel, protection has been reestablished for at least 20 seconds, or gates, where equipped, are in the horizontal position and crossing lights are flashing.
2. No Highway traffic can be seen in either direction.
3. Police have arrived to provide protection.
4. Crossing devices cannot be manually controlled. That's why they are called automatic warning protection.

Whenever crossing protection is interrupted manually or is manually operated:
1. The crew can leave the crossing on manual if another employee is left in charge.
2. The crew can leave the crossing on manual if a policeman is there to direct traffic.
3. The crew must restore the automatic crossing warning protection unless the Chief Dispatcher authorizes otherwise.
4. It must be restored to normal after movement is completed.

At crossings where the apparatus interrupts automatic warning on adjacent tracks:
1. The employee interrupting warning must remain at the crossing to reestablish automatic warning to normal when a train is approaching on an adjacent track.
2. The employee can leave the crossing as each approaching train must provide it's own protection.
3. The Dispatcher must issue a Form D, line 12 to all trains that the crossing protection has been interrupted.
4. Police or Signal Department protection must be provided for trains on crossing where the automatic protection has been interrupted.

Rule 140, Foul time:

Before Foul Time is authorized the Dispatcher must:
1. Determine that no trains have been authorized to occupy the track segment to be fouled.
2. Insure that Stop Signals have been displayed in signaled territory and blocking devices have been applied to the controls of switches and signals leading to the affected track.
3. Issue Form D, line 13 to hold trains clear of the affected track at a TBS where blocking devices cannot be applied.
4. All of the above.
5. None of the above.

Permission to fouls a track must include:
1. The title and name of the employee receiving foul time and track designation and track limits, and time limits.
2. Track designation and Time limits.
3. Track designation, Track limits, and time limits.
4. Foul language.

Once protection has been provided, it must be maintained until:
1. The next calendar day.
2. The time limit has been reached.
3. The employee who was granted the Foul Time has released the foul time.
4. The Foul Language stops.

Rule 141, Inaccessible Track:

Roadway workers may establish Working Limits no controlled by the Dispatcher or Operator:
1. By standing on the track and not moving when a train approaches.
2. By making the track inaccessible at each possible point of entry by securing a switch or derail with an effective locking device..
3. Lining securing a remotely controlled switch to prevent access to the working limits.
4. A disconnected rail or flagman to hold trains and equipment clear of the working limits.
5. Numbers 2, 3, and 4.

The following Form D rules are not included in the rules for the year 2001 rules class but are of such an important nature that I am including them for review:

Rule 160, issuing a Form D:

All Form D’s are issued by:
1. Trainmaster.
2. Division Superintendent.
3. Train Dispatcher.
4. Yard Master.

The Form D number, when issued on New Jersey Transit, must be preceded by:
1. "NJT".
2. "T".
3. "NJ RAIL".
4. "N".

Rule 161, Completing Form D properly:

Information on a Form D must be:
1. Written in crayon.
2. Legible and without erasure or alteration.
3. Written in ink.
4. Indelible.

Only authorized abbreviations:
1. May be used when spelling the Dispatcher's name.
2. May be used in radio communications.
3. May be used when ordering lunch.
4. May be used in Form D’s.

To separate numbers or locations listed in a series on a Form D you must use:
1. Hyphens.
2. Parenthesis.
3. Commas.
4. Semi-colons.

Applicable Form D line numbers must be:
1. Crossed out.
2. Underlined.
3. Erased.
4. Circled.

Employees must review the entire Form D for:
1. Typographical errors.
2. Misspelling.
3. Jelly stains.
4. Additional information.

Operators must:
1. Keep an office copy of each Form D.
2. Throw their copy away after 24 hours.
3. Return their copy of the Form D to the Chief Dispatcher.
4. Return their copy of the Form D to the Trainmaster.

Rule 162, Addresses:

Form D’s are addressed to:
1. The Dispatcher, operator, and Conductor involved.
2. Those who are to execute them.
3. Conductors and Engineers only.
4. Track and signal supervisors only.

Form D’s for trains must be addressed to:
1. The Dispatcher and Conductor.
2. The Conductor and Engineer only.
3. The Conductor, Engineer, and Pilot, if any.
4. All members of the train crew.

Scheduled trains will be identified by:
1. The engine number.
2. The engine number and the number of the last car on the train.
3. The abbreviation "No." plus the schedule number and the engine number.
4. The engineer's employee number.

In a Form D, extra trains will be identified:
1. By the Conductor's name.
2. By the railroad's name.
3. By the train number and direction.
4. By the word "extra" and the engine number.

Blanket addresses on Form D’s:
1. May not be used.
2. May be used but not very often.
3. May be used with the Chief Dispatcher's permission.
4. May be used, such as "Eastward Trains".

Form D’s for a track car must be addressed to:
1. Foreman, driver, or pilot.
2. Track car number only.
3. Driver only.
4. None of the above.

If more than one track car is to operate on the same Form D authority:
1. All track cars must be addressed.
2. All track car drivers must be addressed.
3. The number of additional pieces must be specified.
4. Only the lead track car must be addressed.

Rule 163, Photocopies, additional written copies:

A photocopying machine:
1. May not be used to make additional copies of a Form D.
2. May be used to make additional copies of a Form D.
3. May be used only by the Dispatcher to make additional copies of a Form D.
4. May only be used to make copies of a Form D when multiple trains are to be addressed.

When a photocopying machine is used employees must:
1. Destroy the original Form D.
2. Make file copies of the Form D for the Manager of Train Operations.
3. Examine each copy for completeness and legibility before delivering:
4. Examine each copy to make sure they are properly color coded.

Rule 164, Examination before delivery:

Copies of Form D’s made with pressure sensitive or carbon paper:
1. Cannot be transmitted electronically.
2. Cannot be transmitted by radio or telephone
3. Must be examined for legibility before delivery.
4. Must be examined for neat penmanship before delivery.

Rule 165, Form D delivery:

When a Dispatcher or Operator physically delivers a Form D to an employee he must:
1. Be able to jump very high to reach the locomotive cab.
2. Hoop the Form D up the engineer.
3. Complete the delivery portion of the top Form D in the set delivered, indicating the numbers of all Form Ds delivered.                     .
4. Complete the delivery portion of each Form D delivered.

When an employee physically receives a Form D from a Dispatcher or operator:
1. He must say "Thank You".
2. He must check the Form D for misspellings.
3. He must check the delivery portion of the first Form D to see that the information corresponds to the Form D’s delivered and give a copy of the Form D to other crew members addressed.
4. #1 and #2.

Form Ds may be dictated only to:
1. An employee qualified on the physical characteristics.
2. An employee qualified on the Operating Rules but not dictated to an employee operating the controls of a moving train.
3. An employee authorized by the conductor.
4. The Conductor or Engineer only.

When transmitting and receiving Form D’s, employees must:
1. Acknowledge receipt of the Form D by saying "ROGER".
2. Repeat the information they have written in.
3. Repeat correctly the preprinted portions only.
4. Repeat all applicable preprinted and written portions.

Numerals in lines one (1) through thirteen (13) must be:
1. Written in Roman Numerals.
2. Pronounced digit by digit, such as: 105, one-zero-five.
3. Repeated twice for correctness.
4. Written digit by digit, such as: 105, one-zero-five.

The Dispatcher must not give a "Time Effective" until:
1. He has a cup of coffee.
2. He is comfortable in his chair.
3. The Form D has been repeated correctly.
4. He receives permission from the Chief Dispatcher.

When the Dispatcher's name is given after dictating the Form D the employees receiving it must:
1. Repeat from their copy in the same order they were addressed.
2. Observe whether others repeat their Form D correctly.
3. Repeat "Time Effective" after it is given.
4. All the above.

When a Form D is dictated to an employee on a train, the employee must:
1. Ensure that employees on the train who are addressed receive a copy before the first location where it is to be acted upon.
2. Dictate the information to them if physical delivery is not practical.
3. Walk to the rear of the train to give a copy to the load seated there.
4. 1 and 2.

Rule 166, Reading and complying with Form D:

Employee addressed in a Form D:
1. Are only responsible for complying with the Form D if they are in the leading unit of the train.
2. Must immediately read and comply with its requirements.
3. Can ignore the Form D if the engineer is awake.
4. Get off the train before they get in trouble.

When practical, Form D’s must be shown to:
1. Other employees on the train or track car who will remind the addressed employees of the requirements of the Form D.
2. The wives and friends of the employees addressed.
3. The employees of the track department.
4. The Trainmaster so that he can explain what the Form D mean

Rule 167, Communication failure

If communications fail before a Form D has been given a "Time Effective":
1. Trains may proceed on the verbal understanding in effect prior to the communications failure.
2. Trains may proceed if the Form D is completely filled out.
3. Trains may proceed on signal indication.
4. Trains must not proceed nor be given permission to proceed until communications are re-established.
 

Rule 168, Errors discovered

If an error in a Form D is discovered before "Time Effective" is given:
1. The error must be corrected on the Form D.
2. The Dispatcher must be sure the error is noted and understood.
3. The Dispatcher must direct the receiving employees to destroy their copies
.4. The employee's copies must be tortured, maimed, and then eaten.

If an error is discovered after the "Time Effective" has been given:
1. The Form D must be canceled.
2. The error must be corrected and a new "Time Effective" must be given.
3. The Form D is good as long as the error does not affect the movement of trains.
4. The Dispatcher is to be tortured, maimed, and then eaten.

Rule 169, Additions to Form D:

Once a Form D has been given a "Time Effective", additions to Form Ds:
1. Can be made as long as a new "Time Effective" is given.
2. Must not be made after the "Time Effective" has been given.
3. Can be made with the Trainmaster’s permission.
4. Can only contain Form D cancellation information, track is clear information, occupying DCS territory, and additional line 2 authorities

Rule 170, Delivery at an Interlocking or Controlled Point:

The last interlocking signal governing a train's movement must be placed in the stop position, a blocking device applied and not removed:
1. When a Form D is to be received at an interlocking.
2. When two (2) trains request a Form D for the same purpose.
3. When the Dispatcher is confused.
4. None of the above.

The blocking device can be removed from the interlocking signal when:
1. A Form D is delivered.
2. The engineer acknowledges that he is to receive a Form D.
3. When the Dispatcher is no longer confused.
4. #1 and #2.

Blocking devices are not required:
1. When the Dispatcher doesn't want to apply them.
2. At locations where the crews are required to inquire about Form D’s prior to departure.
3. At locations where the crew regularly stop for stations.
4. At locations where the crew regularly stops after work.

Rule 171, Physical delivery to a moving train:

When a Form D is to be delivered to a moving train:
1. The train must stop.
2. The train must not exceed thirty (30) MPH.
3. The train may do track speed.
4. The train may not exceed the speed mentioned on line nine (9) of the Form D.

If delivery to a moving train is not effected:
1. The train can continue and the Form D is transmitted electronically to the crew.
2. The train can continue but the Form D is canceled.
3. The train can continue but must pick up the Form D at the next interlocking or Controlled Point.
4. The train must be stopped.

Rule 172, Delivery to a train that will have restricted movement in the immediate vicinity:

Unless the engineer has been informed of a Form D restriction that is within three (3) miles of the Form D delivery point:
1. The train must proceed at restricted speed when picking up the Form D.
2. The train must not exceed medium speed when picking up the Form D.
3. The train must stop to pick up the Form D and a signal to proceed not given until the engineer is fully advised of the situation.
4. The engineer must dump the air.

Rule 173, Delivery to a relieving conductor or engineer:

When a Conductor or Engineer is relieved, all Form D’s not fulfilled or canceled:
1. Must be returned to the Dispatcher.
2. Must be delivered to the relieving Conductor or Engineer who must compare the Form D’s and instructions.
3. Must be destroyed.
4. Must be re-transmitted.

When the relieving crew cannot communicate with the crew to be relieved, they must:
1. Assume the Form D’s were never sent.
2. Call the previous crew at home to receive the Form D’s.
3. The previous crew must remain until the relieving crew arrives.
4. Contact the Dispatcher for all information affecting the movement of their train before proceeding.

Rule 174, receiving a Form D at a TBS:

Trains approaching a temporary block station:
1. Must be prepared to stop and must not pass it without receiving a Form D.
2. May proceed on verbal permission or a green flag.
3. Must stop and the Conductor or engineer call the Dispatcher for a Form D.
4. None of the above.

At a TBS where hand operated switches are in service:
1. Trains may foul the switches if they are within the limits of the TBS.
2. Trains may not foul the switches unless they are within the limits of the TBS.
3. Trains may not foul the switches without a signal to proceed from the operator.
4. Trains may foul the switches to get to the operator's position.

If a train passes the last holding point (Interlocking, block station or controlled point) while the TBS is open and reaches it after its scheduled closing time:
1. The train must remain at the TBS until it reopens.
2. The TBS must remain open until all trains are by.
3. The Conductor must walk to the nearest station for a Form D.
4. The train must approach the TBS prepared to stop and must not pass it without verbal permission of the Dispatcher.

When an operator at a temporary block station has no Form D issued by the Dispatcher for a train:
1. The train must not proceed.
2. The Dispatcher must be called and a Form D issued.
3. The train may proceed on verbal permission if the operator knows the block is clear.
4. The operator may issue an unnumbered Form D with the address and date portion completed, indicating "NONE on the delivery portion and the "Time Effective" and sign his last name instead of the Dispatcher's.

Rule 175, Speed restrictions

Speed restrictions must be listed
1. In alphabetical order.
2. By descending order of speed.
3. By ascending order of speed.
4. In sequential order.

If speed signs cannot be displayed immediately:
1. The speed restriction must be considered void.
2. The Dispatcher must not use portions of a mile unless used in conjunction with a physical characteristic location.
3. The Dispatcher must not issue the Form D.
4. The Dispatcher must use a station location.

Rule 176, Effective period of a Form D:

Form Ds are in effect:
1. Until fulfilled or until canceled.
2. Until midnight on the date of issue.
3. Until canceled by Form D, line 13.
4. Until the time indicated on line four (4).

Rule 177, Canceling Form D’s:

A Form D may be canceled on the same form:
1. When the Dispatcher contacts the addressees involved stating the Form D number, date, cancellation time and date and his initials and recording it on the appropriate section of the Form D.
2. By using the Conductor's punch where indicated.
3. By throwing it out the cab window.
4. All the above in numerical order.

When Canceling a Form D, the addressee must:
1. Repeat the Form D number, date, and cancellation information to the Dispatcher.
2. Throw the Form D out of the cab window.
3. Repeat the cancellation information to his crew.
4. 1 and 3.

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